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Evidence of the Functioning of the «Green» Economy (Case of the USA, Sweden, Costa Rica and Ukraine)
Shuba O. А., Didorchuk I. L., Velihodskyi S. D.

Shuba, Olena А., Didorchuk, Iryna L., and Velihodskyi, Serhii D. (2024) “Evidence of the Functioning of the «Green» Economy (Case of the USA, Sweden, Costa Rica and Ukraine).” Business Inform 11:36–45.
https://doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2024-11-36-45

Section: Foreign Experience

Article is written in Ukrainian
Downloads/views: 4

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UDC 334:339.9

Abstract:
The purpose of the article is to analyze the experience of the functioning of the green economy in individual countries of the world. On the example of the USA, Sweden, Costa Rica and Ukraine, the existing global trends in the field of green economy were considered. In the United States, during the study period (1990–2022), the share of renewable sources increased from 11.8% to 21.5%. In Sweden, more than 50% of energy is produced from renewable energy sources, and the country’s government aims to completely abandon nuclear energy by 2040 and switch to 100% renewable energy generation. The largest share of energy production in Costa Rica comes from low-carbon energy sources. A significant problem in the field of the green economy of Costa Rica can be defined as the situation with plastic waste. From 1991 to 2022, Ukraine managed to reduce CO2 emissions by almost 80%; the production of energy from renewable sources increased (in 2021, 14% of production). The efficiency of waste processing was at a low level even before the war: as of 2021, only 7% of all waste was recycled. The war disrupted Ukraine’s existing plans to develop a green economy; the energy infrastructure, including the green components, was damaged. However, Ukraine has prospects for the development of a green economy, given that the recovery and reconstruction of the country will take place with the choice of environmental alternatives. In addition, potential accession to the European Union will require compliance with the current EU regulations in the field of emission reduction and improvement of recycling systems. The prospects for the development of the green economy in the world depend on the action of interrelated factors, including: the development of the energy sector, since renewable energy sources are one of the main priorities for most countries; the emergence of new technologies and the constant improvement of existing ones for the purpose of sorting and processing of secondary raw materials; the incentive policy on the part of the State, which includes legislation, regulations, directives, standards related to various aspects of the development of the green economy. Thus, it can be noted that the world has formed a trend of purposeful policy to support the development of the green economy.

Keywords: green economy, circular economy, energy, environment, renewable energy sources, ecological sustainability.

Fig.: 8. Tabl.: 2. Bibl.: 22.

Shuba Olena А. – Candidate of Sciences (Geography), Associate Professor, Associate Professor, Department of International Economics and World Economy, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (4 Svobody Square, Kharkіv, 61022, Ukraine)
Email: [email protected]
Didorchuk Iryna L. – Senior Lecturer, Department of International Economics and World Economy, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (4 Svobody Square, Kharkіv, 61022, Ukraine)
Email: [email protected]
Velihodskyi Serhii D. – Bachelor, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (4 Svobody Square, Kharkіv, 61022, Ukraine)

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